As early as ๐๐๐๐, ๐ญ๐ก๐ ๐๐ฎ๐ซ๐ข๐ฅ๐ฅ๐จ ๐๐๐ฅ๐๐ซ๐๐ ๐๐๐ฉ โ the ๐๐ข๐ซ๐ฌ๐ญ ๐จ๐๐๐ข๐๐ข๐๐ฅ ๐ฆ๐๐ฉ ๐จ๐ ๐ญ๐ก๐ ๐๐ก๐ข๐ฅ๐ข๐ฉ๐ฉ๐ข๐ง๐๐ฌ ๐๐ฎ๐ซ๐ข๐ง๐ ๐ญ๐ก๐ ๐๐ฉ๐๐ง๐ข๐ฌ๐ก ๐ซ๐๐ ๐ข๐ฆ๐ โ already illustrated the countryโs territorial extent with consistent markings. This was followed by the ๐๐๐๐ ๐๐๐ซ๐ญ๐ ๐๐๐ง๐๐ซ๐๐ฅ ๐๐๐ฅ ๐๐ซ๐๐ก๐ข๐ฉ๐ข๐๐ฅ๐๐ ๐จ ๐๐ ๐ ๐ข๐ฅ๐ข๐ฉ๐ข๐ง๐๐ฌ, which uniquely ๐๐๐๐ญ๐ฎ๐ซ๐๐ ๐๐๐ฃ๐จ ๐๐ ๐๐๐ฌ๐ข๐ง๐ฅ๐จ๐ ๐๐ฅ๐ฌ๐จ ๐ค๐ง๐จ๐ฐ๐ง ๐๐ฌ ๐๐๐๐ซ๐๐จ๐ซ๐จ๐ฎ๐ ๐ก ๐๐ก๐จ๐๐ฅ ๐ฐ๐ข๐ญ๐ก ๐๐๐ฉ๐ญ๐ก ๐ฌ๐จ๐ฎ๐ง๐๐ข๐ง๐ ๐ฌ, highlighting its geographic significance.
The ๐๐๐๐ ๐๐๐ซ๐ญ๐ ๐๐๐ง๐๐ซ๐๐ฅ ๐๐๐ฅ ๐๐ซ๐๐ก๐ข๐ฉ๐๐ฅ๐๐ ๐จ ๐ ๐ข๐ฅ๐ข๐ฉ๐ข๐ง๐จ clearly ๐๐๐ฉ๐ข๐๐ญ๐ฌ ๐๐จ๐ญ๐ก ๐๐๐ฃ๐จ ๐๐ ๐๐๐ฌ๐ข๐ง๐ฅ๐จ๐ ๐๐ง๐ ๐๐จ๐ฌ ๐๐๐ฃ๐จ๐ฌ ๐๐ ๐๐๐ซ๐๐ ๐ฎ๐ (๐ง๐จ๐ฐ ๐ค๐ง๐จ๐ฐ๐ง ๐๐ฌ ๐ญ๐ก๐ ๐๐๐ฅ๐๐ฒ๐๐๐ง ๐๐ฌ๐ฅ๐๐ง๐ ๐๐ซ๐จ๐ฎ๐ฉ). Notably, this 1875 map was recognized by both Spain and the United States as the official representation of Philippine territory.
๐ ๐จ๐ซ๐ฆ๐๐ซ ๐๐๐ง๐ข๐จ๐ซ ๐๐ฌ๐ฌ๐จ๐๐ข๐๐ญ๐ ๐๐ฎ๐ฌ๐ญ๐ข๐๐ ๐๐ง๐ญ๐จ๐ง๐ข๐จ ๐๐๐ซ๐ฉ๐ข๐จ also highlighted the “๐ฎ๐ญ๐ข ๐ฉ๐จ๐ฌ๐ฌ๐ข๐๐๐ญ๐ข๐ฌ ๐ฃ๐ฎ๐ซ๐ข๐ฌ” ๐ฉ๐ซ๐ข๐ง๐๐ข๐ฉ๐ฅ๐, and explained that ๐๐จ๐ฅ๐จ๐ง๐ข๐๐ฅ ๐๐จ๐ฎ๐ง๐๐๐ซ๐ข๐๐ฌ ๐ฆ๐ฎ๐ฌ๐ญ ๐๐ ๐ซ๐๐ฌ๐ฉ๐๐๐ญ๐๐ ๐ญ๐จ ๐ฆ๐๐ข๐ง๐ญ๐๐ข๐ง ๐ ๐ฅ๐จ๐๐๐ฅ ๐ฌ๐ญ๐๐๐ข๐ฅ๐ข๐ญ๐ฒ, ๐๐ข๐ง๐๐ข๐ง๐ ๐๐ฅ๐ฅ ๐ฌ๐ญ๐๐ญ๐๐ฌ. Moreover, China has never formally objected to the Philippine territorial limits defined in key agreements such as the ๐๐ซ๐๐๐ญ๐ฒ ๐จ๐ ๐๐๐ซ๐ข๐ฌ ๐๐๐๐, ๐ญ๐ก๐ ๐๐ซ๐๐๐ญ๐ฒ ๐จ๐ ๐๐๐ฌ๐ก๐ข๐ง๐ ๐ญ๐จ๐ง ๐๐๐๐, ๐๐ง๐ ๐ญ๐ก๐ ๐๐๐๐ ๐๐จ๐ง๐ฏ๐๐ง๐ญ๐ข๐จ๐ง ๐๐๐ญ๐ฐ๐๐๐ง ๐ญ๐ก๐ ๐๐ง๐ข๐ญ๐๐ ๐๐ญ๐๐ญ๐๐ฌ ๐๐ง๐ ๐๐ซ๐๐๐ญ ๐๐ซ๐ข๐ญ๐๐ข๐ง.
